Emergency Powers
3. Power to make rules.-
(1) The Central Government may, by notification in the Official Gazette, make such rules as appear to it necessary or expedient for securing the defence of India and civil defence, the public safety, the maintenance of public order or the efficient conduct of military operations, or for maintaining supplies and services essential to the life of the community.
(2) Without prejudice to the generality of the powers conferred by sub-section (1), the rules may provide for, and may empower any authority to make orders providing for, all or any of the following matters, namely:-
(1) ensuring the safety and welfare or the Armed Forces of the Union, ships and aircrafts, and preventing the prosecution of any work likely to prejudice the operations of the Armed Forces of the Union;
(2) prohibiting anything likely to prejudice the training, discipline or health of the Armed Forces of the Union;
(3) preventing any attempt to tamper with the loyalty of persons in, or to dissuade (otherwise than with advice given in good faith to the person dissuaded for his benefit or that of any member of his family or any of his dependents) persons from entering, the service of the Government;
(4) preventing or prohibiting anything likely to assist the enemy or to prejudice the successful conduct of military operations or civil defence including-
(a) communications with the enemy or agents of the enemy;
(b) acquisition, possession without lawful authority or excuse and publication of information likely to assist the enemy;
(c) contribution to, participation or assistance in, the floating of loans raised by or on behalf of the enemy;
(d) advance of money to, or contracts or commercial dealings with the enemy, enemy subjects or persons residing, carrying on business, or being, in enemy territory or occupied territory; and
(e) acts, publications or communications prejudicial to civil defence or military operations;
(5) preventing the spreading without lawful authority or excuse of reports or the prosecution of any purpose, likely to cause disaffection or alarm, or to prejudice India's relations with foreign powers or to prejudice maintenance of peaceful conditions in any area or part of India, or to promote feelings of ill-will, enmity or hatred between different classes of the people of India;
(6) requiring the publication of news and information;
(7) (a) prohibiting the printing or publishing of any newspaper, news-sheet, book or other document containing matters prejudicial to the defence of India and civil defence, the public safety, the maintenance of public order, the efficient conduct of military operations or the maintenance of supplies and services essential to the life of the community;
(b) demanding security from any press used for the purpose of printing or publishing, and forfeiting the copies of, any newspaper, news-sheet, book or other document containing any of the matters referred to in sub-clause (a);
(c) forfeiture of such security and the circumstances in which and the authority by whom such forfeiture may be ordered;
(d) closing down any press or any premises used for the purpose of printing or publishing any newspaper, news-sheet, book or other document containing any of the matters referred to in sub-clause (a) in spite of the forfeiture of such security;
(8) regulating the conduct of persons in respect of areas the control of which is considered necessary or expedient, and the removal of persons from such areas;
(9) requiring any person or class of persons to comply with any scheme of defence or civil defence;
(10) ensuring the safety of-
(a) ports, dockyards, lighthouses, light-ships and aerodromes;
(b) railways, tramways, roads, bridges, canals and all other means of transport by land or water;
(c) telegraphs, post offices, signalling apparatus and all other means of communication;
(d) sources and systems of water-supply, works for the supply of water, gas or electricity, and all other works for public purposes;
(e) vessels, aircraft, transport vehicles as defined in the Motor Vehicles Act, 1939 (4 of 1939), and rolling stocks of railways and tramways;
(f) warehouses and all other places used or intended to be used for storage purposes;
(g) mines, oil-fields, factories or industrial or commercial undertakings generally, or any mine, oil-field, factory or industrial or commercial undertaking in particular;
(h) laboratories and institutions where scientific or technological research or training is conducted or imparted;
(i) all works and structures being part of, or connected with, anything earlier mentioned in this clause; and
(j) any other place or thing used or intended to be used for the purposes of Government or a local authority or a semi-Government or autonomous organisation, the protection of which is considered necessary or expedient for securing the defence of India and civil defence, the public safety, the public order, or the efficient conduct of military operations, or for maintaining supplies and services essential to the life of the community;
(11) the demolition, destruction or rendering useless in case of necessity of any building or other premises or any other property;
(12) prohibiting or regulating traffic, and the use of vessels, buoys, lights and signals, in ports and territorial, tidal and inland waters;
(13) the control of lights and sounds;
(14) the control of persons entering, travelling in or departing from, India;
(15) notwithstanding anything in any other law for the time being in force,-
(i) the apprehension and detention in custody of any person whom the authority empowered by the rules to apprehend or detain (the authority empowered to detain not being lower in rank than that of a District Magistrate) suspects, on grounds appearing to that authority to be reasonable, of being of hostile origin or of having acted, acting, being about to act or being likely to act in a manner prejudicial to the defence of India and civil defence, the security of the State, the public safety or interest, the maintenance of public order, India's relations with foreign States, the maintenance of peaceful conditions in any part or area of India or the efficient conduct of military operations, or with respect to whom that authority is satisfied that his apprehension and detention are necessary for the purpose of preventing him from acting in any such prejudicial manner,
(ii) the prohibition of such person from entering or residing or remaining in any area,
(iii) the compelling of such person to reside and remain in any area, or to do or abstain from doing anything, and
(iv) the review of orders of detention passed in pursuance of any rule made under sub-clause (i);
(16) restricting and regulating the charter of foreign vessels and aircraft;
(17) regulating the structure and equipment of vessels for the purpose of ensuring the safety thereof and of persons therein;
(18) regulating work in dockyards, shipyards and aerodromes in respect of the construction and repairs of vessels and aircraft;
(19) prohibiting or regulating the sailings of vessels from ports, traffic at aerodromes and the movement of aircraft, and traffic on railways, tramways and roads, and reserving and requiring to be adapted, for the use of the Government, all or any accommodation in vessels, aircraft, railways, tramways or road vehicles for the carriage of persons, animals or goods;
(20) the impressment of vessels, aircraft, vehicles, and animals for transport;
(21) prohibiting or regulating the use of postal, telegraphic or telephonic services, including the taking possession of such services, and the delaying, seizing, intercepting or interrupting of postal articles or telegraphic or telephonic messages;
(22) regulating the delivery otherwise than by postal or telegraphic service of postal articles and telegrams;
(23) the control of trade or industry for the purpose of regulating or increasing the supply of, and the obtaining of information with regard to articles or things of any description whatsoever which may be used in connection with the conduct of military operations or civil defence or for maintaining supplies and services essential to the life of the community;
(24) the control of generation, supply, distribution, use or consumption of electrical energy;
(25) the taking over by the Central Government or the State Government, for a limited period, of the management of any property (including any undertaking) relating to supplies and services essential to the life of the community;
(26) the control of agriculture (including the cultivation of agricultural land and crops to be raised therein) for the purpose of increasing the production and supply of foodgrains and other essential agricultural products;
(27) the provision, storage and maintenance of commodities and things required for the conduct of military operations or for the defence of India and civil defence;
(28) the requisition of services of persons for maintaining supplies and services essential to the life of the community;
(29) the provision, construction, maintenance or alteration of buildings, premises or other structures or excavations required for the conduct of military operations or the defence of India and civil defence;
(30) the protection of property by the performance of such fire prevention and other duties as may be allotted to any person;
(32) the securing of any building, premises or other structures from being readily recognisable in the event of a hostile attack by a foreign power;
(32) prohibiting, restricting of otherwise regulating the bringing into, or taking out of, India of goods or articles of any description (including coin, bullion, bank notes, currency notes, securities and foreign exchange), and bringing into any part or place in India of any such goods or articles as aforesaid intended to be taken out of India without being removed from the ship, aircraft or other conveyance in which they are being carried, and applying the provisions of the Sea Customs Act, 1878 (8 of 1878), and in particular section 19 thereof to such prohibitions, restrictions and regulations;
(33) controlling the possession, use or disposal of, or dealing in, coin, bullion, bank notes, currency notes, securities or foreign exchange;
(34) the control of any road or pathway, waterway, ferry or bridge, river, canal or other source of water-supply;
(35) the requisitioning and acquisition of any movable property; and the principles on which and the manner in which compensation shall be determined and given in respect of such requisitioning or acquisition;
(36) the prevention of any corrupt practice or abuse of authority or other mala fide action in relation to the production, storage, purchase, sale, supply or transport of goods for any purpose connected with the defence of India and civil defence, the efficient conduct of military operations or the maintenance of supplies and services essential to the life of the community;
(37) the prevention of hoarding, profiteering, blackmarketing, or adulteration of or any other unfair practices in relation to, any goods procured by or supplied to the Government or notified by or under the rules as essential to the life of the community;
(38) prohibiting or regulating the possession, use or disposal of-
(a) explosives, inflammable substances, corrosive and other dangerous substances or articles, arms and ammunitions of war;
(c) wireless telegraphic apparatus;
(e) photographic and signalling apparatus and any means of recording information;
(39) prohibiting or regulating the bringing into, or taking out of, India and the possession, use or transmission of ciphers and other secret means of communicating information;
(40) prohibiting or regulating the publication of inventions and designs;
(41) prohibiting or regulating the publication of results of research work having a bearing on efforts relating to defence of India or military operations;
(42) preventing the disclosure of official secrets;
(43) prohibiting or regulating meetings, assemblies, fairs and processions;
(44) preventing or controlling any use of uniforms, whether official or otherwise, flags, official decorations like medals, badges and other insignia and anything similar thereto, where such use is calculated to deceive or to prejudice the public safety, the maintenance of public order, the defence of India and civil defence;
(45) ensuring the accuracy of any report or declaration legally required of any person;
(46) preventing the unauthorized change of names;
(47) preventing anything likely to cause misapprehension in respect of the identity of any official person, official document or official property or in respect of the identity of any person, document or property purporting to be, or resembling, an official person, official document or official property;
(48) the precautionary measures which the Government or any department thereof or any local authority, members of police forces and fire brigades and members of any other service or authority employed primarily for purposes other than civil defence purposes should be required to take within their respective jurisdictions or with respect to any personnel employed by them;
(49) the seizure and custody or destruction of injured, unclaimed or dangerous animals;
(50) the salvage of damaged buildings and property and disposal of the dead;
(51) the evacuation of areas and the removal of property or animals therefrom;
(52) the accommodation in any area of persons evacuated from another area and the regulation of the conduct of evacuated persons accommodated in such area;
(53) the billeting of evacuated persons or persons authorised to exercise functions under this Act;
(54) the instruction of members of the public in civil defence and their equipment for purposes of civil defence;
(55) the entry into, and search of, any place reasonably suspected of being used for any purpose prejudicial to the public safety or interest, to the defence of India and civil defence or to the efficient conduct of military operations, and for the seizure and disposal of anything found there and reasonably suspected of being used for such purpose;
(56) the preparation of any scheme of defence service or any other service connected with the defence of India and requiring any person or class of persons to comply with such scheme;
(57) the eviction of unauthorised occupants from such public premises [as defined in the Public Premises (Eviction of Unauthorised Occupants) Act, 1958 (32 of 1958)] as are, in the opinion of the Central Government, required for the purposes connected with the defence of India and civil defence, the public safety or interest, the efficient conduct of military operations or the maintenance of supplies and services essential to the life of the community.
(3) The rules made under sub-section (1) may further-
(i) provide for the arrest and trial of persons contravening any of the rules or any order issued thereunder;
(ii) provide that any contravention of, or any attempt to contravene, or any abetment of, or any attempt to abet, the contravention of any of the provisions of the rules or any order issued under any such provision, shall be punishable with imprisonment for a term which may extend to seven years, or with fine, or with both;
(iii) provide for the seizure, detention and forfeiture of any property in respect of which such contravention, attempt or abetment as is referred to in clause (ii) has been committed and for the adjudication of such forfeiture whether by a court or by any other authority;
(iv) confer powers and impose duties-
(a) upon the Central Government or officers and authorities of the Central Government as respects any matter, notwithstanding that the matter is one in respect of which the State Legislature has power to make laws; and
(b) upon any State Government or officers and authorities of any State Government as respects any matter, notwithstanding that the matter is one in respect of which the State Legislature has no power to make laws;
(v) prescribe the duties and powers of public servants and other persons as regards preventing the contravention of, or securing the observance of, the rules or any order made thereunder;
(vi) provide for preventing obstruction and deception of, and disobedience to, any person acting, and interference with any notice issued, in pursuance of the rules or any order made thereunder;
(vii) prohibit attempts by any person to screen from punishment any one, other than the husband or wife of such person, contravening any of the rules or any order made thereunder;
(viii) empower or direct any authority to take such action as may be specified in the rules or as may seem necessary to such authority for the purpose of ensuring the public safety or interest or the defence of India and civil defence;
(ix) provide for charging fees in respect of the grant or issue of a licence, permit, certificate or other document for the purposes of the rules.